摘要
In this work, the Perovskite-R1 large language model is used to identify ethyl 2-aminopropanoate hydrochloride as an effective precursor additive for inverted perovskite solar cells. The additive coordinates with uncoordinated lead and iodide ions to passivate defects and regulate crystallization, enabling a champion power-conversion efficiency of 22.58% together with improved long-term device stability.